![]() The film is itself recognised by some as proto-cyberpunk, depicting a fascist dystopian future where Manhattan has been transformed into a prison colony. In 1981 John Carpenter used electronic instruments to produce music for the film Escape From New York which would later inspire several characters in Hideo Kojima’s Metal Gear Solid, a highly referential video game series that has amassed significant popularity in cyberpunk subculture. While made more than a decade before the advent of Cyberpunk, A Clockwork Orange serves as an aesthetic precursor to the genre.īy the ‘80s, synthesizers were fully defined as a marketable electronic product – but at a high price that excluded all but the most successful musicians. Using the Moog, Carlos transformed classical Beethoven arrangements into ethereal, warped melodies to match with the chaotic dystopian future envisioned by the film. Wendy Carlos using a Moog synthesizer and Keith Emerson (Right) on Stage in 1974 ( Source: Moog Foundation, 2015)Įlectronic enthusiasts and experimental musicians developed a rapid affinity for the instruments, including Wendy Carlos who was involved with Moog’s development and would soon go on to use synthesizers to create much of the soundtrack for A Clockwork Orange in 1971. ![]() ![]() These were developed to improve the versatility of live performance tools but also for the sake of novelty. Synthesizer music originated in the ‘60s with the creation of the Moog and Buchla instruments. The synthesizer instrument is one element that can be found in almost every example within the cyberpunk music genre. In search of an answer, four different approaches to music in the genre were examined: the application of then emergent synthesizer technology in 1980’s films the works directly engaged with the Cyberpunk subculture during its prominence in the 1990’s to the more modern retrofuturism of Synthwave and finally the artists who embody the ethos inherent within cyberpunk’s ideological anarchism. ![]() Visual and written works easily describe a near-future dystopia – neon-lit metropolises, technological aesthetics and dark, polluted environments – but what does Cyberpunk sound like? Music may be the most challenging medium to quantify within the Cyberpunk genre. ![]()
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